money Dodge is killing its Grand Caravan soon — see how it kicked off the rise and fall of the American minivan
FCA
Fiat Chrysler is discontinuing the Dodge Grand Caravan minivan after nearly 40, and production will end in May.
Many say the Dodge Caravan became the first minivan when it arrived for the 1984 model year along with its Plymouth Voyager sibling, kicking off the minivan boom.
Thus, Chrysler — now called Fiat Chrysler — created the minivan segment as we know it.
The minivan market has since declined from its 2000 peak, but FCA still holds a firm grip on it to this day.
In May, Fiat Chrysler will end production of the Dodge Grand Caravan — the minivan that many say started it all.
The minivan segment roared from the 1980s through 2000, when minivan sales hit their peak. They've declined steadily since, and many manufacturers have ducked out of the market in favor of the new boom: crossovers and SUVs.
But minivans had a strong run, even if the market has shrunk in the past couple of decades, and the Dodge Caravan kicked that run off when it rolled off of the line in 1983. Although its competitors would introduce their own minivan in the years that followed, Chrysler remained the king of the market. In 2019, FCA was responsible for 54% of all minivans sold in the US, and the Dodge Grand Caravan was the America's best-selling minivan overall.
Fiat Chrysler confirmed in February that the Grand Caravan would be discontinued, and that production would stop in May. While the end of the Grand Caravan doesn't necessarily signal the end of the American minivan all together — Chrysler will still sell the Pacifica and Voyager, and several other automakers sell competitors — it certainly marks the end of an era.
As the Caravan prepares to leave the market it began, here's just how it came to be the staple of a decades-long boom:
After nearly 40 years, Fiat Chrysler will stop building what many consider to have been the first minivan on the market — the Dodge Caravan — next month.
By some accounts, the Volkswagen Microbus — introduced in 1950 — was the original minivan.
REUTERS/Nigel Roddis
Others point to even older vehicles like the Stout Scarab, a beetle-like affair from the mid 1930s.
Michael Furman
But ask others, and all roads lead to Chrysler — more specifically, the 1984 model year.
FCA
That year, Chrysler introduced Dodge Caravan and its Plymouth Voyager sibling — kicking off a minivan boom that lasted from the mid 1980s to the early 2000s.
FCA
Source: The New York Times
Lee Iacocca, the legendary auto executive credited with bringing the Ford Mustang to life in the 1960s, spearheaded the minivan project at Chrysler after joining the company in the late 1970s.
Lenny Ignelzi/AP Photo
Read more: Business Insider
Chrysler was struggling to stay afloat, having received a $1.5 billion loan guarantee from the US government. The minivan turned out to be the hit it needed.
AP
Source: US Government, Reuters
Iacocca committed nearly half that amount — roughly $700 million — to the minivan project and to outfitting the Chrysler plant in Windsor, Ontario, where it would be assembled.
Associated Press
Source: Fortune
The Caravan and Voyager combined traditional van with station wagon, making them a strong challenger to the latter.
FCA
Early Caravan ads described it as "one vehicle that takes the place of an economy car, sporty car, station wagon, and van."
FCA
Source: Youtube
It was a "transportation revolution," the ads said.
FCA
Chrysler's vans became an overnight success, with the company selling an astonishing 209,000 minivans in the first model year.
FCA
Source: The New York Times
Soon, other automakers wanted in on the action, and a flurry of new minivans hit the market.
Toyota
General Motors launched the Chevrolet Astro and GMC Safari …
GM
... Ford rolled out the Aerostar …
Denver Post via Getty Images
… and Toyota brought its aptly named Passenger Van to the market.
Toyota
The Passenger Van had a unique mid-engine layout, and, perhaps more uniquely, an ice maker.
Toyota
Source: Popular Mechanics
GM eventually introduced a van trio with dustbuster-like styling: the Oldsmobile Silhouette, the Pontiac Trans Sport, and the Chevy Lumina APV.
AP
Chrysler followed up its two wildly successful first vans with the upscale Chrysler Town and Country in 1990.
FCA
MotorWeek called the Town and Country a van for "rich people" at the time due to its sticker of about $25,000 — roughly $50,000 today. For comparison, the 2020 Chrysler Pacifica starts at around $30,000.
FCA
Source: MotorWeek
That year, Toyota ditched the Van for the Previa — an egg-like mid-engine van with a supercharged variant.
Toyota
Source: Autotrader
By 1991, Chrysler's vehicles accounted for half of all minivans built across the industry. By the latter part of the decade, Chrysler was selling upward of 600,000 minivans each year.
FCA
Source: The New York Times, Riding the Roller Coaster: A History of the Chrysler Corporation
Also in 1991, Chrysler pioneered a driver-side sliding door. The popular feature was soon adopted by other brands, but gave Chrysler a brief-yet-significant edge over the competition.
FCA
Source: Riding the Rollercoaster: A History of the Chrysler Corporation
Despite Chrysler's dominance, other manufacturers held out hope they could win some market share with new offerings. In 1995, Honda launched the Odyssey …
... while in 1997, Toyota released its Camry-based Sienna.
Toyota
Smaller makes like Kia and Nissan got in the game as well, while Mazda launched its second-generation MPV, which stood for "multi-purpose vehicle."
Mazda
The US minivan market peaked in 2000, when nearly 1.4 million minivans were sold.
FCA
Source: Automotive News
In the years since, annual minivan sales have dropped steadily and the field has thinned out. Minivans only made up 2.8% of US car sales in 2018.
Mazda
Source: Automotive News, The Wall Street Journal
That's at least partially due to the increasing popularity of SUVs and crossovers ...
Toyota
... which have swiftly displaced minivans, sedans, and wagons to become the latest car boom.
It looked like super-fast luxury minivans might have their moment when Mercedes-Benz introduced the R-Class in 2005.
Mercedes-Benz
The quasi-minivan offered an AMG-treated, 507-horsepower version, but Mercedes nixed the model in the US after 2012.
Mercedes-Benz
Source: Car and Driver
Neither GM nor Ford sell a minivan today, and aside from Fiat Chrysler's vans — the Pacifica, Voyager, and Grand Caravan — the only minivans you can buy in the US are the Kia Sedona ...
Kia
... the Honda Odyssey ...
Honda
... and the Toyota Sienna.
Toyota
In 2019, Fiat Chrysler celebrated its 15 millionth minivan sold. It led the US minivan market that year, capturing more than half of the segment's sales.
Chrysler
Source: FCA
But despite the Dodge Grand Caravan being America's best-selling minivan last year, FCA has decided to phase the model from production at the end of May.
Dodge
Source: Motor1
This isn't the death of the American minivan, since Fiat Chrysler and others will continue to produce them ...
Chrysler
... but the demise of the Grand Caravan marks the end of an era. It's the end of the road for the minivan that started it all.
FCA
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